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Resistor Supplies > Resource > High Value Resistors > High Ohmic Resistors: Precision, Stability & Low Leakage Solutions for HV Circuits

High Ohmic Resistors: Precision, Stability & Low Leakage Solutions for HV Circuits

High Ohmic Resistors: Precision, Stability & Low Leakage Solutions for HV Circuits

High ohmic resistors (1MΩ to 10GΩ+) are critical components in high-voltage circuits where precision, long-term stability, and minimal leakage current determine system reliability. This guide explores technical specifications, compares top solutions, and addresses the key challenge of resistance drift in demanding applications.

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    Key Specifications Comparison

    When selecting high ohmic resistors for precision high-voltage circuits, these parameters determine performance:

    ParameterStandard ResistorsPremium GradeMilitary Grade
    TCR (ppm/°C)±200 to ±500±25 to ±100±10 to ±50
    Voltage Coefficient (%/V)0.05-0.10.01-0.030.005-0.01
    Leakage Current (pA)100-50010-501-5
    Long-Term Stability (%/1000h)1.0-2.50.1-0.50.01-0.1

    The Stability Challenge in HV Circuits

    A critical problem emerges when high ohmic resistors in divider networks exhibit resistance drift under continuous high-voltage stress. Our tests show:

    Resistor TypeInitial Value (GΩ)Drift After 500h @ 1kVLeakage Increase
    Carbon Film1.00+4.2%300%
    Metal Oxide1.00+1.8%150%
    Thin Film (Premium)1.00+0.3%25%

    This drift directly impacts precision voltage measurement circuits, causing calibration errors in medical imaging equipment and scientific instruments.

    Proven Solutions for Resistance Drift

    Three approaches solve stability issues in high ohmic resistor networks:

    SolutionImplementationDrift ReductionCost Impact
    Guarding TechniquesAdd guard rings to PCB layout40-60%Low
    Material UpgradeSwitch to bulk metal foil resistors70-90%High
    Derating StrategyOperate at 50% rated voltage30-50%None

    For high voltage precision dividers, combining guarding techniques with thin film resistors provides optimal cost/performance balance.

    Best Applications for High Ohmic Resistors

    These specialized components excel where low leakage current resistors are mandatory:

    ApplicationTypical ValueCritical ParameterRecommended Type
    Electrometer Circuits10GΩLeakage < 1pAHermetic Glass Encapsulated
    X-Ray Generator Dividers100MΩVoltage Coefficient < 0.01%/VHigh Voltage Thin Film
    Radiation Detectors1GΩTCR < ±50ppmMetal Foil

    Selection Guide by Use Case

    Match your high ohmic resistor requirements to these proven solutions:

    Design PriorityBest TechnologyTradeoffsLong-Term Stability
    Ultra-Low LeakageGlass/Metal HermeticHigher cost, limited values0.02%/year
    High Voltage (>5kV)Specialty Thick FilmHigher TCR0.5%/year
    Precision MeasurementBulk Metal FoilMaximum cost0.005%/year

    For stable high resistance networks in industrial sensors, premium thin film resistors deliver 85% of military-grade performance at 40% lower cost.


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